All samples are created as part of the requirements for a writing assignment and are not meant to represent the organization(s) listed in the samples.
Research Paper Sample
Gender in Sport Media: How the Portrayal of Female Athletes Affects Public Perception
Rylie Amrhein
Rylie Amrhein is a Sport Management and Mathematics Dual Degree Senior at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.
Forty percent of all athletes in sport are female (Lamke). Sport is a diverse community that revolves around the idolization of athletes, but how does representation reduce the recognition of female athletes. This article summarizes studies and accounts of experiences in the sport media field that pertain to the gender bias that exists within it. The purpose is to increase awareness about the gender divide among athletes, fans, and employees in sport media. Overall, this article focuses on gender, female representation, and the public perception of females in sport media. By finding how the gender bias is evident in sport media, we can understand how the public is influenced by it.
What is a Gender Bias?
Gender bias can pertain to both men and women and can occur in different situations. Gender bias is the act of favoring one gender over another due to previous knowledge or information about one being ‘superior’ over the other in that field. It’s an unfair advantage to the preferred gender due to preconceived notions that aren’t always true.
This subject is all about perspective and how each individual person sees something different. Having a gender bias in sport can affect airtime, representation, accessibility, and interest levels from different audiences. Sport is a male-dominated field and the perception of that by the public can impact the area in the long term. So how can we see the issue in media?
Personal Accounts
Bias is all about perception by individuals. To find and begin with that bias, we need to see evidence of it occurring in real life, not just in statistics with scientific intent. At the University of Minnesota, their women’s hockey team received no televised games during their 2013 Frozen Four run (Lamke). “People not only in the Twin Cities but throughout the nation should’ve been given the opportunity to watch a team that was doing something that few teams in any sport do these days, have an undefeated run to a national title,” comments Bob Sansevere, a sports reporter who believes that women’s sports deserve more recognition for what they accomplish (Lamke). Historic accounts like the University of Minnesota’s don’t make it to the front page like in men’s sports whose movements and records are watched like hawks. While research is important, stories like this give accounts that can sway someone to change their opinion.
How Can it Be Seen in the Media?
Media consists of all different forms of communication and entertainment. It can range from televised events to social media accounts and even journalism and photography.
Social Media Accounts
Social media is at the forefront of sport media nowadays. As not all games can be televised in every area at all times, fans rely on social media to see highlights and information they wouldn’t find on sporting apps.
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During the summers of 2015 and 2016, there was a study performed on the Instagram accounts of the four major sport networks, NBC Sports, CBS Sports, Fox Sports, and ESPN. This study focused on the gender and context in which photographs were published. Their research found that only 94 of 1,587 posts contained women, with 52 of those exclusively featuring women. Over half of those 52 images, 53.8%, contained women in nonathletic settings as opposed to males’ posts being 25.9% nonathletic (Romney and Johnson). This means that the majority of posts that males are featured, they are in scenarios related to their profession, while women aren’t shown representing sport. It can show how these networks market towards ‘traditional’ gender roles.
In another study of specifically the Carolina Panthers’ Twitter account, researchers examined their fan engagement with females and males. Alongside that, they also examined the tweets to see if there were negative connotations as well as what tone was used in each. This study resulted in finding male pronouns in 15% of their tweets as opposed to 0.07% female pronouns (Grace and Mueller). This is despite one in every three fans being female (Reich). While confounding variable could include the lack of females in the organization, the fact that one of the only tweets that specified female pronouns was being used towards a photographer and it wasn’t even fan engagement, raises a lot of red flags about the team’s inclusion of others (Grace and Mueller).
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Fig. 1. This figure displays a bar graph of sport airtime by gender (Cooky, et al).
Televised Events
Televised sporting events and network recounts on various shows are important in today’s world as there are few options to attend in-person games. Televised games give the option of viewing from your home or with groups of people, activities that can bring a lot of support and attention to sports. Sport shows about events and games draw attention to trades, statistics, and other things a viewer wouldn’t be able to hear from a televised game.
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In a twenty-year-long study, researchers compared local and national sport airtime to see the difference in airtime in genders. They also examined the tone in which these stories were told to get a better understanding of how the public would perceive them. In figure 1, we can see a decreasing amount of airtime for women in recent years, while men continue to get more coverage. This study began to include national airtime from SportsCenter in 1999, which is the only time where male sports dipped below 90% in the five surveys that were conducted (Cooky, et al.). Figure 1 displays a shocking difference when just focusing on the two ‘traditional’ genders that becomes more drastic with the lack of nonbinary coverage.
Photography
Photography is one of the key forms of media for athletes as it’s the focal point for sponsorships and social media accounts. There are three different types of photographs where athletes are involved: the action shot, the sexualized shot, and the mixed shot.
In a study from 2013, researchers asked female athletes which kind of photographs worked better for representation, gaining interest, and other questions about their sport. On these topics, 97% of athletes believed that the action shot best represented their sport and 86% believed those photographs could make their sport more respectable (Kane, et al.).
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Fig. 2. This figure displays bar graphs of what images different audiences pick that would most interest them in women’s sports (Lamke).
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So, while female athletes continue to believe that taction shots best represent their sport, only 56% of them believe that they would increase interest (Kane, et al.). Kane and her colleague’s analysis of these results made sense with the target audience. As shown in figure 2, sports are primarily marketed towards men ages 18-34, who are more likely to be interested in the sexualized images. While female athletes wish for more representation for their sport, they may end up getting unwanted interest instead of respect.
What About the Men?
For the foreseeable future, male athletes are going to be the primary subject and interest in sport. Despite this, some people would counter the argument that female athletes are underrepresented. A primary argument would cover how feminine sports provide less coverage to male players in that sport than female ones. For example, in gymnastics, the men’s performance at the Olympics gets very little coverage due to the
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increasing popularity that has come of female gymnasts (Pilon). Using underrepresented men in female-dominated sports is a reflection of the other side’s argument that doesn’t come up with a solution to either side. It’s a topic that can’t be ignored, but should be solved with its opposition, not used as an argument.
What This Means for Female Sports.
Public Perception
Marisa Reich puts it best, “The public consumes and sees what is presented to them. If it is only men who report about sports and only men’s sport is shown, society gets the impression that women do not belong to the cultural system of sports and society at large.” If we seek to eliminate the gender bias in fans, we need to first eliminate it in the employees that control what fans see. Female sports are suffering due to the patriarchy that exists in the sport media offices. If there isn’t a concrete display of what women’s sports actually are, fans will continue to favor men’s sports due to the convenience and accessibility of it.
Sponsorship and Broadcasting
Sponsors look to the sexualized images and ignore the competence shots. Their primary audience is 19-34-year-old men that prefer these feminine shots, so if they were to use these action shots, sponsors would make less money off these deals (Kane, et al.). If female athletes wanted to use the images they preferred, they would have to make a brand deal with a company that has a different target audience, most likely meaning a smaller brand.
Sport shows and podcasts again have primary audiences that are very similar to sponsors, young men. Because this audience doesn’t have as much interest in female sports as say older men who have daughters that participate in them, producers direct the majority of airtime to be about the main four male sports. To change this airtime, would mean changing the audience, which isn’t possible due to the extent of sports. Instead, the next option is to change the audience’s perception, inserting more female athlete content in all forms of media, a very long-term approach.
Public perception is determined by how information is presented, namely in the media. The gender bias that the public experiences in terms of sport can be seen in photography, television, personal accounts, and social media. This is an examination of how gender has affected the representation of female athletes and therefore the consequences evident in the public’s interpretation. Now let’s go back to the beginning of this article: despite females making up forty percent of all athletes, they currently only receive four percent of airtime (Lamke).
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Works Cited
Cooky, Cheryl, et al. “Women Play Sport, But Not on TV: A Longitudinal Study of Televised News Media.” Communication & Sport, vol. 1, no. 3, Sept. 2013, pp. 203–230, doi:10.1177/2167479513476947.
Grace, Arianne N., and Thomas S. Mueller. “Gender Bias in Sport Media: A Critical Analysis of Twitter Content and the National Football League’s Carolina Panthers.” Journal of Gender Studies, vol. 28, no. 3, Apr. 2019, pp. 363–370. EBSCOhost,
doi:10.1080/09589236.2019.1568012
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Kane, Mary Jo, et al. “Exploring Elite Female Athletes’ Interpretations of Sport Media Images: A Window Into the Construction of Social Identity and ‘Selling Sex’ in Women’s Sports.” Communication & Sport, vol. 1, no. 3, Sept. 2013, pp. 269–298,
doi:10.1177/2167479512473585.
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Lamke, Sherece. Media Coverage and Female Athletes: Media Coverage & Female Athletes. Twin Cities Public Television Inc., 2013, video.tpt.org/video/tpt-co-productions-media-coverage-female-athletes/. Accessed 27 Mar. 2021.
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Pilon, Mary. The Future of Men's Gymnastics Is Not Well-Balanced. 27 Aug. 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/08/27/style/men-gymnastics- hunks.html.
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Reich, Marisa. Marisa Reich: Why It's Time to End the Sports Media Patriarchy. 9 Oct. 2020, www.sportspromedia.com/opinion/women- sports-media-patriarchy-employment.
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Romney, Miles, and Rich G. Johnson. “The Ball Game Is for the Boys: The Visual Framing of Female Athletes on National Sports Networks’ Instagram Accounts.” Communication & Sport, vol. 8, no. 6, Dec. 2020, pp. 738–756. EBSCOhost,
search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=146206128&site=eds-live&scope=site.
New Member Email Sample
To: Morgan O’Blenis
From: Rylie Amrhein
Subject: Welcome to Dunkin’! Attachments: DunkinHQDirections.pdf
Dear Morgan,
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Congratulations on becoming part of our team here at Dunkin’! I will be your supervisor in the marketing department, and I can’t wait to have you as a part of our team!
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I have attached directions to our headquarters where you will be reporting to tomorrow, 130 Royall St, Canton, MA. It’s just a short trip up from 24 and onto 93 from your area. I will meet you on the first floor at 8:30 a.m. to give you your badge.
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If you have any questions don’t hesitate to reach out!
See you tomorrow,
Rylie Amrhein
Manager of Social Media ramrhein@dunkinbrands.com
781-737-3000
To: Employees of GM
From: Rylie Amrhein, President of GM
Date: December 2, 2018
Re: Addressing Changes at GM
Dear Employees of General Motors Detroit-Hamtramck,
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I would like to thank every single employee at the Detroit-Hamtramck branch for going above and beyond during your tenure as a General Motors employee. Unfortunately, as most of you have heard today, despite our hopes, we will have to shut down our branch, Detroit-Hamtramck.
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As mentioned in our meeting this morning, these lay-offs are due to changing consumer preferences and could not have been prevented by any single person, the market has simply changed:
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The Chevrolet Impala and Cadillac CT6 will be discontinued as we have only been producing 28% of what we are capable, due to an excess of inventory otherwise.
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Two other branches other than our own in Detroit-Hamtramck, including Northeast Ohio and Ontario have also had to begin closing, impacting nearly 14,000 other employees.
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This is not the news that we wanted to be delivering as I am sure it is not the news you wanted to receive today. But as we look towards the future, you will be receiving transfer offers to consider at other plants across the United States by December 10th, 2018. If you wish to decline, please don’t hesitate to reach out to Human Resources after the transfer offers have been given, so that we can offer you a severance package.
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Again, this is never the news I want to be giving to hardworking employees, but I would like to thank you for all your efforts to keep Detroit-Hamtramck’s General Motors the striving community that it was.
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Sincerely,
Rylie Amrhein
President of General Motors – Detroit-Hamtramck
Layoff Email Sample
Expansion & Promotion Sample Emails
CC: ramrhein@umass.edu, hanxiangzou@umass.edu, slpatterson@umass.edu
From: jfoglietta@antonios.com
Subject Line: We’re Expanding to New Locations!
Valued employees and customers,
For over thirty years, Antonios has only expanded to three other locations besides our home location, in Amherst. We are happy to announce that Antonios will be expanding to new locations in Connecticut, starting at the end of the month. Our mission from the beginning was simple, to feed college students quickly and cheaply, and we are hoping to continue building upon that mission. In order to do this, we are now targeting UCONN and bringing Antonio's “pizza by the slice emporium” format with us.
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The new locations will be in the towns of Storrs, Manchester, and Vernon in Connecticut.
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Expanding our business will allow us to provide more college students and other customers with quality ingredients, service, and convenience.
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We are excited for the new opportunities this will provide to locals and students in the Connecticut area.
Overall, we are very grateful for our hardworking staff and loyal customers for making this happen. Without dedication on both fronts, we wouldn’t have been able to expand our business further. Here’s to the future of Antonios, and to the future of one of our current employees, Serena Patterson. She is one of the current General Managers of the Amherst location and will be running the three new CT locations and we have full faith in her to lead these locations to their full potential. We look forward to seeing you at our new locations when they open on December 12th, 2022!
Best Regards,
Joey Foglietta
CEO
Antonio’s Pizza
CC: ramrhein@umass.edu ,hanxiangzou@umass.edu,
From: jfoglietta@antonios.com
Subject Line: Congratulations on your Promotion!
Congratulations Serena!
I am writing this letter to formally congratulate you on your recent promotion to running the CT pizza locations. The search for someone to run these locations has not been easy, but I, as well as other employees, have noticed your hard work after all of these years and it has certainly paid off. You deserve this promotion for your dedication, loyalty, and major contributions to this company. That being said, I am trusting you with this leadership position and know you will make us proud.
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Some starting information about this new position:
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You will have full reign of running all three CT pizza locations, with my guidance for the first couple months to ensure success.
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Your new main office will be in the Vernon location but you are expected to be able to travel between all locations when necessary and will have available office space in each location to meet your needs.
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I will set up a meeting within the next week to discuss all other details and hopefully answer any questions you may have. You should be very proud, this is a very big deal. I look forward to working closer with you and seeing the success of your new position.
Best Regards,
Joey Foglietta
CEO
Antonio’s Pizza
BEAR Report
MEMORANDUM
Date: November 9, 2022
To: Adrienne Lofton, VP of Marketing
From: Rylie Amrhein
Subject: Nike Brand Analysis
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Nike has been a well-recognized brand since it first was established as Blue Ribbon Sports in 1964 (Meyer, 2019). The brand has had major success, particularly with its partnerships with high caliber athletes such as Michael Jordan, Lebron James, Cristiano Ronaldo, and Tiger Woods. Their worldwide representation raked in $12.7 billion at the end of August (Pacheco, 2022).
As Nike grows, so does its social responsibility and it’s become a topic of conversation ever since Colin Kaepernick took a knee back in 2018 (Meyer, 2019). Recently the company has been in hot water with their dropping of Kyrie Irving as a partner after numerous controversial actions that have taken place over the past few years and came to a head this past week. While Nike receives backlash as well as support, their competitors are facing similar disputes, leaving an uncertain future for individual partnerships as a whole.
This report will take you through how the company is performing as well as some recommendations for the future, in the following order:
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Current State: Nike Rises as Competition Falls
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Recent Investments: Basketball Players Take the Spotlight
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Challenges: Failing Partnerships and Overstocked Inventory
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Recommendations: Inventory & Partner Resolutions
Current State: Nike Rises as Competition Falls
Markets and Revenue
Currently, Nike is sitting on $9.7 billion worth of inventory, a $3 billion increase from last year (Pacheco, 2022). Due to supply chain issues during Covid-19, we wanted to make sure that our brand was ready for any future problems, as shutdowns continue to occur globally (Pacheco & Francis, 2022). Specifically, in Chinese cities where revenue is down 16% in August, their lockdowns seem to be sticking around and expectations in the corporate world need to be readjusted (Pacheco & Francis, 2022).
Part of Nike’s inventory was heavily focused in Chinese markets, but the company might seek to change course as there aren’t many improvements on the horizon, and investment into China might need to wait until a pattern in buying trends arises. Similarly, their competitors have had a rough time functioning in the area as Adidas saw a sharper downtick in revenue, at a 35% decrease (Pacheco & Francis, 2022).
Nike historically has had competition in the athletic industry with Adidas, New Balance, and Reebok, but among teens, Nike remains at the top in terms of casual wear. According to figure 1, which illustrates the buying preferences of teens in 2019, Nike remains the favorite brand in clothing and footwear amongst teenagers with their only athletic competitor ranking, being Adidas who ranked third in both categories (Richter, 2019).
Figure 1:
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Nike’s versatility and adaptability to different markets makes it a favorite amongst consumers as they continue to open themselves up to new markets. As they continue to change however, like China, Nike will see several issues particularly with preferences not matching with current inventory.
Shoe Culture
Recently Nike has started to make big waves in the sneaker resale market as they prepare to shut down any orders that have been made through automation, otherwise known as botting (Pacheco, 2022). With these orders being cancelled, Nike is also seeking to ban the members that place these orders, in a hope to encourage buyers to purchase them directly from the company and to have more inventory for those who wish to buy them at our price instead of a resellers’ extortionate rates (Pacheco, 2022).
If say a ‘customer’ continues to buy a numerous amount of new releases, Nike will add on fees as they will interpret that consumer as a reseller, and they’ll be charged for restocking (Pacheco 2022). In this charge Nike is essentially seeking their own cut from the resellers profit. Nike is hoping to gain back loyal customers who have resorted to buying from resellers as inventory sells out quicker than they can input their credit card information.
Recent Investments: Basketball Players Take the Spotlight
NBA Players
Figure 2
Despite very recent struggles with Kyrie Irving, Nike has many ongoing deals with other NBA players, getting fans across the country excited to buy new releases. On the east coast, Boston & St. Louis star Jayson Tatum will bring in two vastly different markets for a shoe that’s being released during his MVP campaign this year (Benson, 2022). This could not be better timing for Nike as the 24-year-old is averaging 30+ points per game and will have eyes on him throughout the season. His signature shoe will be dropping under the Jordan line, which has been going strong for 38 years (Benson, 2022). As seen in figure 2, sneaker brands in general tend to sell more units of a product when it’s in collaboration with someone such as an athlete, musician, etc. (Lux & Bug, 2018).
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Recently, Nike has also signed 5 college basketball players to Name, Image, and Likeness deals, including the son Lebron James, Bronny (Chavkin, 2022). Nike who has had Lebron signed to a lifetime deal since 2015, is now looking at the next generation before they hit college in an effort to bring in a younger audience as well as having more long-term commitments and brand loyalty by the time players hit the NBA and other professional leagues (Chavkin, 2022).
League Sponsors
Nike is currently the primary sponsor in several sport leagues for their jerseys including the PGA, NBA, NFL, and MLB (Meyer, 2019). Additionally, they are major sponsors in the Premier League and the NCAA with their main competitor there being Adidas. For example, the NHL is currently under contract with Adidas, but that will soon be a deal that is up for grabs between Nike, New Balance, Under Armour, and Reebok as that contract expires after the 2023-2024 season, with the NHL wanting to move away from Adidas. Nike is also the sponsor for Liverpool FC, a European football club that is currently up for sale by Fenway Sports Group, potentially making Nike associated with owners, more than likely someone that is heavily involved in oil, that aren’t good PR for them in the current state of the world.
Middle East Campaign
Nike is also branching out into new markets, primarily the Middle East with our Sport is never done campaign (Person, 2022). The Middle East is always a hub for sneaker culture, but the aim here is to encourage young families to get their children involved in youth sports for the fun of it. Their hope with this campaign is to open a market that Nike can be the frontrunners in by simply being the ones to reintroduce the idea of youth sports in a positive light (Person, 2022).
Branching their brand out of just sneaker culture in the Middle East is a huge move for Nike as they invest in their future. While part of it is to make revenue now, a large part is building a positive relationship with organizations and young athletes in order to become long-lasting sponsors and keeping sneaker culture alive past this generation (Person, 2022).
Challenges: Failing Partnerships and Overstocked Inventory
Antisemitic Partners
Nike is heavily invested in basketball sneaker culture, as the NBA is our main source of partnership with athletes. Being represented by individuals has its downsides however as partners’ comments can be seen as a representation of their brand and their values. Prior to this week, these relations had been going in Nike’s favor as Adidas recently dropped Kanye West for antisemitic comments, meaning they no longer were affiliated with their lead line, Yeezys (Lin, 2022). Nike would have greatly benefited from this as Adidas would be put in a tough situation with losing a large portion of their revenue (Lin, 2022).
But shortly after, Kyrie Irving, a partner of Nike’s, tweeted a link to an antisemitic film to his 4.2 million followers that eventually led to his indefinite suspension from the NBA and a lot of split decision from fans (Weisman, 2022). This act has forced Nike’s hand to drop Irving, which means they are unable to drop their already produced Kyrie 8’s, increasing their inventory problems (Weisman, 2022).
Consequently, Nike has seen backlash from several different sources including other NBA players and fans. Jaylen Brown recently tweeted “Since when did Nike care about ethics?” garnering over a hundred thousand likes (Weisman, 2022). Fans are finding the whole situation completely outrageous as there was never a caption on the post, simply just a link to the film. Regardless, Nike has drawn a perfectly respectable line for their partners that should be honored, but most likely not before a short drop in revenue.
Recommendations: Inventory & Partner Resolutions
As Kyrie Irving and Kanye West are certainly not the last problematic partners that will sign with a big-name brand, I am recommending that Nike restructures their inventory system. As the company had been seeking to release the Kyrie 8’s, they now have inventory that can never be sold and will more than likely be destroyed rather than upcycled. I propose that any partnership deals be sold as pre-order, that way if there’s any potential problems that arise, partnerships can be terminated post-sale and anything that’s already bought can be assembled and the deal ends there, rather than making the shoes before they are put on sale.
I also believe that by pre-purchasing their inventory in case of a supply chain issue, Nike are setting themselves up for failure long-term. If we are buying and manufacturing product, specifically clothing, six months to a year in advance, we are opening ourselves up to being out-of-touch with trends and not knowing our supply-and-demand until it’s too late and we are doing the same thing pre-pandemic. For example, Air Force 1’s surged in popularity in 2020, so if we produce a sneaker that’s set to be released late 2023 and we only have the inventory that we predict is going to sell, we are risking not being ready or able to produce an influx of orders because we already manufactured them a year ago, we’re too busy preparing for next year to make more until the hype dies out. Nike’s brand is built on visibility and trends, if Nike continues to prepare for the future rather than focusing on current product supply, they will be losing out on major sources of profit.
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References:
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Benson, P. (2022, October 27). Jayson Tatum provides update on Signature shoe. Sports Illustrated FanNation Kicks News, Analysis and More. Retrieved November 9, 2022, from
https://www.si.com/fannation/sneakers/news/jayson-tatum-teases-release-date-for-signature-shoe
Chavkin, D. (2022, October 10). Bronny James, Nike agree to endorsement deal. Sports Illustrated. Retrieved November 9, 2022, from
https://www.si.com/college/2022/10/10/bronny-james-nike-agree-endorsement-deal
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Lin, S. B. (2022, October 27). Nike likely to see biggest boost in the aftermath of adidas cutting ties with Kanye West, Footwear Analyst says. Business Insider. Retrieved November 1, 2022, from
https://www.businessinsider.com/adidas-ditching-kanye-west-could-boost- nike-sales-expert-says-2022-10
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Lux, M., & Bug, P. (2018, January). Sole value - the sneaker resale market : an explorative analysis of the sneaker resale market. Retrieved
Business Insider. Retrieved November 1, 2022, from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332330011_Sole_value_-
_the_sneaker_resale_market_an_explorative_analysis_of_the_sneaker_resale_market
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Meyer, J. (2019, August 15). History of nike: Timeline and facts. TheStreet. Retrieved November 9, 2022, from
https://www.thestreet.com/lifestyle/history-of-nike-15057083
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Pacheco, I. (2022, Sep 29). Nike shares tumble after it reports 44% surge in inventories; sneaker giant reports 4% growth in quarterly sales
and 22% drop in net income. Wall Street Journal (Online). Retrieved November 10, 2022, from http://silk.library.umass.edu/login?
url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/ni ke-shares-tumble-after-reports-44-surge/docview/2719010131/se-2
Pacheco, I. (2022, Oct 11). Nike to crack down on sneaker-buying bots, dealing a blow to resale market; sneaker giant adds restocking fees, account suspensions as possible penalties for shoppers who buy goods with the intent to flip them. Wall Street Journal (Online). Retrieved November 10, 2022, from
http://silk.library.umass.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/nike-crack-down-on-sneaker-buying-bots-
dealing/docview/2723528083/se-2
Pacheco, I., & Francis, T. (2022, Oct 02). Nike's inventory woes stretch to china as covid recovery remains a challenge for brands; as supply- chain snarls ease up for big firms, covid-19 lockdowns mean reduced sales and tighter margins for companies. Wall Street Journal (Online). Retrieved November 10, 2022, from
http://silk.library.umass.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/newspapers/nikes-inventory-woes-stretch-china-as-
Person. (2022, November 1). Nike takes over Riyadh Boulevard as part of 'Sport is never done' campaign. Arab News. Retrieved November 1, 2022, from https://www.arabnews.com/node/2191516/media
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Richter, F. (2019, April 11). Infographic: Nike remains a firm favorite of American teens. Statista Infographics. Retrieved November 9, 2022, from https://www.statista.com/chart/17692/teenagers-favorite-clothing-and-footwear-brands/
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Weisman, M. (2022, November 11). Jaylen Brown rips Nike over Phil Knight's Kyrie Irving comments. New York Post. Retrieved November 12, 2022, from https://nypost.com/2022/11/10/jaylen-brown-rips-nike-phil-knight-for-kyrie-irving-comments/
